For stage 2 spina bifida, which positioning is emphasized?

• A. Supine only
• B. Standing
• C. Prone and sidelying
• D. Sitting upright

Answer: (C)

Positioning in stage 2 spina bifida focuses on promoting trunk control and automatic alignment through prone and sidelying. Being in prone encourages the infant to extend the neck and spine, activating back muscles and helping develop midline orientation and trunk stability. Sidelying supports symmetry and pelvic/hip alignment while still allowing the child to work on trunk control and head control with comfortable support. These positions together set up safer, more functional development of rolling, control of the trunk, and preparation for future sitting and standing.

Supine-only limits opportunities to develop extension and trunk control and can contribute to tighter hip flexors and less midline development. Standing too early isn’t appropriate for stage 2 because the child typically hasn’t built the necessary strength and postural control, and it can place undue stress on developing structures. Sitting upright too soon can be demanding and may not support proper alignment or trunk extension at this stage.