In 9-12-year-olds with DMD, which type of muscle training should be emphasized?

• A. Calf raises
• B. Inspiratory
• C. Finger flexors
• D. Hip extensors

Answer: (B)

Maintaining breathing capacity becomes the priority in Duchenne muscular dystrophy as respiratory muscles weaken, so training targets the muscles involved in inhalation. Strengthening the inspiratory muscles helps improve ventilation and the effectiveness of coughing, which is crucial for clearing secretions and reducing respiratory infections in 9- to 12-year-olds. By using gentle resisted inhalation training, these muscles gain strength and endurance, supporting better breathing and airway clearance as the disease progresses.

Calf raises, finger flexors, and hip extensors focus on other muscle groups that are less directly impactful on respiratory health and safety in this context.