Which goal relates to preserving joint range of motion in stage 4 spina bifida?

• A. Increase efficiency of movement, transitions, and WB
• B. Gait on various terrains
• C. Maintain ROM
• D. Balance

Answer: (C)

Preserving joint range of motion is essential because joints are prone to contractures in spina bifida when muscle balance and movement are limited. In stage 4, the focus shifts toward preventing fixed deformities and maintaining enough flexibility for comfortable positioning, transfers, and ongoing function. Maintaining ROM directly targets keeping joints able to move through their available angles, which supports seating, alignment, and potential future activities.

The other goals are important for broader function—improving efficiency of movement and transitions, enabling gait on various terrains, and enhancing balance—but they rely on having adequate joint mobility first. If ROM is not preserved, you’ll struggle with positioning, transfers, and functional tasks, even if strength or balance improves later.